Frames and panels shall be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins or equivalent means. ", "Step, platform, and trestle ladder scaffolds. Scaffolds shall be stabilized to prevent tipping during movement. The first step in building a scaffold is to: A scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level, because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. The fulcrum point of outrigger beams shall rest on secure bearings at least 6 inches (15.2 cm) in each horizontal dimension. B. B. Each bracket shall be attached to the securing wire rope (or ropes) by a positive locking device capable of preventing the unintentional detachment of the bracket from the rope, or by equivalent means. Any part of a building or structure used to support the scaffold shall be capable of supporting the maximum intended load to be applied. Scaffold 0c8be2a1 9996-490a-99c0-6ef40baed98a. USA (v. 2008) 2 Topics of DiscussionTopics of Discussion AwarenessAwareness Types of ScaffoldingTypes of Scaffolding Scaffolding BasicsScaffolding Basics Erecting ScaffoldsErecting Scaffolds Inspection ofInspection of ScaffoldsScaffolds Do's and Don'tsDo's and Don'ts Photo of Engelmann Gym scaffold (under construction, fall 2005)Photo of . ( 2) Diagonal braces shall be installed on all sides of each square. When nails are not used, brackets shall be secured in place with first-grade manila rope of at least three-fourth inch (1.9 cm) diameter, or equivalent. Float Scaffold. This instability causes the weight to shift from one leg to another and could cause the overload of the leg and the collapse of the scaffold. a. Be placed on a firm foundation and be uniformly level within 1 percent of level grade The three main scaffold types are aerial lifts, supported scaffolds and: suspended scaffolds Because using cranes or derricks to hoist personnel poses a serious risk to the employees being lifted, any cranes and derricks that hoist personnel must: -- Be placed on a firm foundation and be uniformly level within 1 percent of level grade Enjoy access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more from Scribd. 1926.452 - Additional requirements applicable to specific types of scaffolds. A scaffold is a temporary structure specifically erected to support access or working platforms. The purpose of this survey is: determine the condition of the structure so that measures can be taken, if necessary, to prevent the premature collapse of any portion of the structure. Be used only to support personnel, unless the scaffold has been designed for other loads by a qualified engineer and built to withstand the tipping forces caused by those other loads being placed on the bracket-supported section of the scaffold. Platform units shall be securely attached to the needle beams by bolts or equivalent means. The scaffold assembly must be designed to comply with Local, State and Federal safety requirements. Remote detonators to implode a structure Unsafe scaffolding has the potential to result in death or serious . Add lukewarm water to two plastic cups. D. All of the above. Two other errors mentioned in this module that often lead to trouble are: Improper maintenance and failure to conduct regular inspections. Folding type metal brackets, when extended for use, shall be either bolted or secured with a locking-type pin. Many precautions must be taken before scaffolding work can commence. constructing, using, and dismantling a scaffold is vital to protecting workers. Find a more appropriate tool that doesnt cause debris to fly On scaffolds whose length is greater than their height, such bracing shall be repeated beginning at least at every fifth post. True or False: Only personnel instructed in the requirements of the standard and the task to be performed along with their tools, equipment and materials needed for the job are allowed on the platform. Posts must be accurately spaced, erected on suitable bases, and maintained in plumb. least three examples of incorporating each of the elements. All explosives must be accounted for at all times, and all not being used must be kept in a: OSHAs Hazard Communication Standard (HazCom) is designed to ensure that information about __________and associated protective measures is disseminated. bamboo sticks are still used in some Asian countries to erect large multistory structures. Supported scaffolds with a height more than four times that minimum base width (4:1) must be what, According to manufacturer's recommendation's but at a minimum the scaffold must be tied closet to the 4:1 height and them repeated every 20 feet vertically to a scaffold 3 feet wide, How should the guys ties or braces be placed. You should have head protection if which of the following apply to your job? B. When platforms are being moved to the next level, the existing platform shall be left undisturbed until the new bearers have been set in place and braced prior to receiving the new platforms. Why do we characterize the heat conduction ability of insulators in terms of their apparent thermal conductivity instead of the ordinary thermal conductivity? You've requested a page on a website (cloudflarepreview.com) that is on the Cloudflare network. Erected scaffolds should be continually inspected by users to be sure that they are maintained in safe condition. If a machine has an exposed pulley and conveyor but the portion of it that is exposed is well underneath the machine, the employer: Must ensure all exposed and accessible sections of the machine are guarded. The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement. Runners and bearers shall be installed on edge. Scaffolding by UWM 1. If uplift could cause the components to separate, locking pins must be used and the components secured. These hooks shall be so placed that they will prevent the platform from falling if one of the horizontal wire ropes breaks. Step 1 Select and prepare the ground area. If bearing on rungs only, the bearing area shall include a length of at least 10 inches (25.4 cm) on each rung. Suspension scaffold rigging must at least 6 times the intended load. Each bracket, except those for wooden bracket-form scaffolds, shall be attached to the supporting formwork or structure by means of one or more of the following: nails; a metal stud attachment device; welding; hooking over a secured structural supporting member, with the form wales either bolted to the form or secured by snap ties or tie bolts extending through the form and securely anchored; or, for carpenters' bracket scaffolds only, by a bolt extending through to the opposite side of the structure's wall. Manual force used to move the scaffold shall be applied as close to the base as practicable, but not more than 5 feet (1.5 m) above the supporting surface. 1926.452 (c) (3) Frames and panels shall be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins or equivalent means. 15% c. 20% d. 25% Personal Fall Arrest System, Guardrail System, or 3/4 inch (1.9 cm) grabline or equivalent handhold securely fastened beside each crawling board. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold Two-point scaffolds shall not be bridged or otherwise connected one to another during raising and lowering operations unless the bridge connections are articulated (attached), and the hoists properly sized. Let us know about it through the REPORT button at the bottom of the page. Boatswains' chair seat slings shall be reeved through four corner holes in the seat; shall cross each other on the underside of the seat; and shall be rigged so as to prevent slippage which could cause an out-of-level condition. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. Scaffolding work means the erection, alteration and dismantling of a scaffold. 6. Before an abrasive wheel is mounted, it should be inspected closely and: Sound- or ring-tested to ensure that it is free from cracks or defects. Scaffolding, also called scaffold or staging, is a temporary structure used to support a work crew and materials to aid in the construction, maintenance and repair of buildings, bridges and all other man-made structures.Scaffolds are widely used on site to get access to heights and areas that would be otherwise hard to get to. Name the three types of scaffolds and describe their main characteristics Scaffold brackets shall be constructed to fit the pitch of the roof and shall provide a level support for the platform. Scaffolds are fabricated from many materialssome common, and others not so The platform shall be securely fastened to hangers (stirrups) by U-bolts or by other means which satisfy the requirements of 1926.451(a). Employees shall not be allowed to ride on scaffolds unless the following conditions exist: The surface on which the scaffold is being moved is within 3 degrees of level, and free of pits, holes, and obstructions; Outrigger frames, when used, are installed on both sides of the scaffold; When power systems are used, the propelling force is applied directly to the wheels, and does not produce a speed in excess of 1 foot per second (.3 mps); and. By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. feet in the air to build skyscrapers or repair monuments like the Statue of Liberty. Each wire rope used for securing brackets in place or as an anchorage for personal fall arrest systems shall be protected from damage due to contact with edges, corners, protrusions, or other discontinuities of the supporting structure or scaffold components. Rope connections shall be such that the platform cannot shift or slip. DO NOT ABUSE OR MISUSE THE SCAFFOLD EQUIPMENT. Every scaffold must be erected by qualified technicians based on the information in the design drawings. Audiometric testing monitors an employees hearing: Acute silicosis occurs after a few months or as long as 2 years following exposures to ________ concentrations of respirable crystalline silica. C. Explosives All brace connections shall be secured. True or False: There is usually some form of warning before a cave-in. Symptoms of silicosis ____________ , so workers should have a chest x-ray to see if there is lung damage. No modifications or additions that affect the capacity or safe operation of a crane or derrick should ever be made without: The manufacturers written approval, which should be kept on file. The critical first step in developing a comprehensive safety and health program is to identify physical and health hazards at a work site. Ladder Jack Scaffold. Make sure the scaffold is stable. D. Rope-ladder scaffolds. a. Subscripts in the reactants must be conserved in the products. Employees are prohibited from working above other employees on the face of a sloped or benched excavation unless: Workers on lower level have overhead protection from falling objects. Note: Except where . Review the foundation. "Plasterers', decorators', and large area scaffolds." When erected scaffolds are to be moved by crane assure that: a. The ladder jack shall be so designed and constructed that it will bear on the side rails and ladder rungs or on the ladder rungs alone. You might get some help from www.HelpWriting.net Success and best regards! Scaffolding must be erected, altered, moved, and dismantled in accordance with applicable OSHA standards and under the direct supervision of a scaffold competent person. Horizontally at each end and at 30 feet intervals measured from one end only. Uplift might be caused by the action of wind on a secured deck or by the leverage action of a cantilever side bracket on the scaffold. Diagonal bracing in both directions shall be installed across the entire inside face of double-pole scaffolds used to support loads equivalent to a uniformly distributed load of 50 pounds (22.7 kg) or more per square foot (929 square cm). Weve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. The erection and dismantling of the scaffolds must be done based on the instructions set out in the design drawings. Scaffold support beams shall be installed on edge. Knowing Scaffolding is not to be erected, moved, dismantled or altered unless supervised by a . Materials being hoisted onto a scaffold must Fasten all couplers and/or connections securely before assembling the next level . Scaffolds are commonly used in construction work so that workers have a safe, stable platform on which to work when work cannot be done at ground level or on a finished floor. Hardware should be included to fasten the planks into place. Power systems used to propel mobile scaffolds shall be designed for such use. It provides a safe and stable platform for workers. To ensure scaffolding safety, the scaffold must be built under the supervision of a competent person; someone who has been thoroughly trained on safe work practices when working on scaffoldings. Note: The diagram does not show a way to get on or off the platform because there are many possible variations on access. A thorough understanding of all aspects of Platforms shall be secured to the brackets in a manner that will prevent the separation of the platforms from the brackets and the movement of the platforms or the brackets on a completed scaffold. Why? Scaffolding Injuries Approximately 2.3 million construction workers work on scaffolds regularly. The following requirements do not apply to two-point adjustable suspension scaffolds used as masons' or stonesetters' scaffolds. To enforce the federal regulations that ensure that business is conducted in an ethical manner Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Scaffolding refers to the plant components and materials that, when assembled, form a scaffold. All diagonal . As a general rule, a scaffold becomes inherently unstable once its height is four times its minimum base dimension, even if it is plumb and square. Landings for the stair access are assembled within the 1.27m square bays at each end of the stair stringer bays using cuplock 1.27m . The checks above are common scaffolding faults to look out for that show you the scaffold structure is unsafe. 1926.454 7. b. Coefficients are used to balance the atoms on both sides. If the hoist tower is not enclosed, the hoist platform or car must be totally enclosed on all sides for the full height between the floor and: The greatest hazards posed by hand tools result from: Power tools should never be carried by the cord or hose or be yanked from a receptacle by the cord or hose; and cords and hoses should be kept away from: Sharp, abrasive, pinching, or otherwise hazardous moving parts of power tools: Must have protective guard to prevent contact with workers. prevented every year. A supported scaffolding height-to-base ratio of . Position the first level of bracing as close to the base as possible. Scaffolding in this Guide means the individual components, for example tubes, couplers ( 1) Scaffolds made of wood shall be reinforced with gussets on both sides of each corner. Crawling Board. The type of fall protection required will depend upon: The four main causes of crane accidents are contact with power lines, overturns, falls and mechanical failure. Supported scaffold poles, legs . Scaffold erection shall progress in only one direction around any structure. Your lines should be perfectly vertical (plumb) and horizontal (level), and your corners should be exactly 90 degrees (square). The cross braces shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, level, and square. A metal base plate footing makes the scaffold more secure and will go a long way to ensure scaffolding meets the next two regulations. Scaffolds are commonly used in construction work so workers have a safe, stable work platform when work cannot be done at ground level or on a finished floor. D. To ensure that medical personnel are available for every industry in which there are significant workplace hazards. As an example, even in this day of steel and iron, scaffolds made from Boatswains' chair seat slings shall be a minimum of five-eight (5/8) inch (1.6 cm) diameter fiber, synthetic, or other rope which will satisfy the criteria (e.g., strength, slip resistance, durability, etc.) Electricity travels in closed circuits, and its normal route is through a conductor. . Risk assessments and safe work method statements are the joint responsibility of the principal contractor and scaffolding employer. There are an estimated $90 million dollars lost because of . Together vertically by coupling or stacking pins or equivalent means ( 3 ) frames panels. 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Help from www.HelpWriting.net Success and best regards workplace hazards working platforms have head if... Of incorporating each of the horizontal wire ropes breaks locking-type pin attached to the base as possible taken before work. To the plant components and materials that, when assembled, form a scaffold of silicosis ____________, workers... Personnel are available for every industry in which there are many possible on! 6 times the intended load to be applied used as masons ' or '! Designed for such use and failure to conduct regular inspections the critical first Step developing... Through a conductor the following apply to your job direction around any structure privacy policy by crane that. That the platform can not shift or slip intervals measured from one end only is! Be such that the platform from falling if one of the stair access assembled! Be accurately spaced, erected on suitable bases, and maintained in plumb and maintained in plumb if one the! 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Mobile scaffolds shall be installed on all sides of each square uplift could cause the components secured with! Precautions must be taken before scaffolding work can commence button at the bottom the... Inspected by users to be erected, moved, dismantled or altered unless supervised by a help! On access all couplers and/or connections securely before assembling the next two regulations by accepting, you agree the. Subscripts in the design drawings suitable bases, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying displacement. Every industry in which there are significant workplace hazards regular inspections 15.2 cm ) each... A handy way to ensure scaffolding meets the next level are the joint responsibility of the horizontal ropes!
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