61.1; cf. In Chapter V, for example, he writes: For the truth shall be spoken; since of old these evil demons, If, as Heraclitus stated, we can recognize that we have been patterned after the divine, then we can behold the true Logos without. Could you please help me understand what, in this case, do the "ladder" and its "steps" allude to? 21.1-2; 22.2; 23.2; 32.10-33.9; 46.5; 63.16). Please comment below and dont forget to subscribe. Metaphysically, we have the idea of a limited essence (Essentia), man, participating in the unlimited being (Ens) or existence of God. Whatever the reason(s) John started his gospel with fourteen verses associating our Lord Jesus with the Logos of Greek philosophy, it does not undermine the ability of those without a Greek philosophical background to understand his message. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Nov 10, 2020. He introduces this idea of virtuous pagans in chapter 46 of his First Apology: We have been taught thatChristis thefirst-bornofGod, and we have declared above that He is the Word of whom every race of men were partakers; and those who lived reasonably areChristians, even though they have been thoughtatheists; as, among the Greeks, Socrates and Heraclitus, and men like themSo also those who lived before Christ and did not live by the Logos were ungracious enemies of Christ, and murderers of those who lived by the Logos. The Logos "was made flesh. Justin Martyr (100-165 A.D.) was born in Flavia Neapolis, Palestine (modern day Nablus)1, located in Samaria near Jacobs well. The word Logos is the term by which Christian theology in the Greek language designates the Word of God, or Second Person of the Blessed Trinity. Many who did find the Logos lived enlightened and virtuous lives, having embraced both faith and philosophy. Philosopher and Martyr are the distinguishing titles of this chief of the early apologists. Dodd (page 10 of book, which begins chapter 2 of Part I, "The Background"):- It's irresponsible for Justin Trudeau to equate the far right and far left in Canada The PM's confused statements at a recent conference border on being disinformation, writes Taylor C. Noakes. For example, some Eastern religions emphasize the Tao or the Way. Justin Prentice has played Bryce Walker in 13 Reasons Why since the series launched in 2017. [3] The Logos goes under various names from Scripture such as Glory of the Lord, Son, Wisdom, Angel, God, Lord, Logos, and Commander (Dial. In essence, he describes the Catholic Mass as he discusses prayer, Scripture reading, baptismal regeneration, and the transubstantiation of the Eucharist. Justin liked the term logos because it was familiar to Christians and non-Christians alike. If Augustine is right (see his quote relating to John 1:1 above) then by the time of the writing of John's Gospel a developing theme in one/some of the schools of Greek philosophy included a progress from a unitarian understanding of God to a Two-Persons-One-God, a "Bi-une", understanding. Despite a heartbreaking 1-point loss to the Tennessee . Justin took the Stoic idea of sperma or seed and developed an original idea that Christ, as the Logos, was in the world before his Incarnation, sowing the seeds of the logos in the hearts of all people. That is unique to the Christian Gospel. In his works "Justin seeks to explain, above all, the divine project of salvation that comes about in Jesus Christ, the Word of God," said the Holy Father. And later to the philosophy of Truth, the teaching of Christ. The figure and work of Justin mark the ancient Church's decisive option in favor of philosophy, rather than of pagan religion," with which the early Christians rejected "any form of compromise. and became man, and was called Jesus Christ. In 1956, Paul Rand designed the iconic, pictographic IBM logo featuring a human eye and a bee. Or you can look at Augustine's Confessions book 7 chapter 9, page 170, online here:- It is the Spirit who seeks to reveal Christ, the Logos, to all men by appealing to the seeds of the Logos planted within. The logos is, essentially, God Himself, it is the Greek rendering of the equivalent Hebrew word dabar, and, even more probably, of the Aramaic memra, a term used especially in the Targums (Aramaic translations-commentaries of the Torah) as a substitute for "the Lord", out of respect. Copyright 2023 Catholic Exchange. What's is the case for premarital sex being an instance of (porneia)? Donate God would not hold them responsible for that which they could not know, as long as they embraced the Logos through the seeds planted within by Christ. What they didnt know is that they each were beholding Christ.13. [7] L.W. not only among the Greeks did reason (Logos) prevail to condemn these And that he was in the world and the world was made by him, and the world knew him not. 2 Pages. He stated that the logos worked through the arche, fire, in order to bring order to the cosmos. 61.1; 62.1-4; 87.2; 129.3; 2 Apol. Heraclitus called it Logos and Lao Tzu called it the Tao. 63.15). Are they meant to be the same thing? 1. He said that no one was willing to follow Socrates in martyrdom for his beliefs, whereas Christians in Justins day were willing to die for Christ. Quoted from "The Interpretation of the Fourth Gospel" by C.H. word, speech, account, reason, discourse, ground, plea, opinion, expectation, principle of order and knowledge, and divine activating principle which pervades the universe. The following is an excerpt from chapter 10 of the Second Apology found at New Advent: For they said that he was introducing new divinities, and did not consider those to be gods whom the state recognized. Theologically, this is rooted in the doctrine of the imago dei, the image of God. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trial_of_Socrates). Most of his works are lost, but two apologies and one dialogue did survive. By George A. Jackson. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? Ethylene Glycol. The original Gospel of John uses Logos. If tradition holds true, he could have been born in the same year that St. John the Apostle died, a symbolic passing of the baton. This Logos contains all of God because He is God and we have all the fullness of Logos because we have Christ. Justin didn't call the Logos a person, per se - that wording would come about 50 years later with Tertullian, and even then it wasn't a person as we think of a person but more a modalistic manifestation of the one God - but he did think of the Logos as "numerically distinct from the Father" rather than being an aspect of the Father. Eventually, he ended up in Rome and spent a considerable amount of time there, debating and defending the faith. For example, by teaching the idea of the world-soul in his work the Timaeus, Plato was was really discussing the idea of a world ordered by logos. Some later commentators used the more dynamic living word. Were they also damned with the wicked, simply because they were ignorant of Christ? Established in 1995 as Kuwait's first international joint venture in this industry, EQUATE embodies its "Partners in Success" slogan through the partnership between Petrochemical Industries Company (PIC), The Dow Chemical Company (Dow), Boubyan Petrochemical Company (BPC) and Qurain Petrochemical Industries Company (QPIC). "And Thou [Lord], willing first to show me how Thou resist the proud, but give grace unto the humble, and by how great an act of Thy mercy Thou had traced out to men the way of humility, in that Thy Word was made flesh, and dwelt among men: Thou procured for me, by means of one puffed up with most unnatural pride, certain books of the Platonists, translated from Greek into Latin. 16, 20), 1999, Evangelii Nuntiandi, Apostolic Exhortation of Pope Paul VI, (nos. They both recognized this universal ordering principle, even though they lived in different cultures 6,000 miles apart. In the second occasion, Justin identifies the Logos of God with the Greek Logos through a familiar mythological story when he writes, "[S]ince [the philosophers] knew that God conceived and made the world through the Logos, they spoke of Athena as the first thought. 'word, discourse, or reason') [1] is a name or title of Jesus Christ, seen as the pre-existent second person of the Trinity. Helenized Greek philosophy (Philo) was the Jewish culture. There are two main problems with thinking of Christ as God's begotten Son Logos is the Word of God made flesh in the form of Jesus and it nourishes the Eucharist with love and wisdom Christ is God's son, but not, in a literal, physical sense Christ is instead God's Logos. The idea was subsequently developed further by other philosophers such as Aristotle. This is the only blog where you will get a comprehensive and integrated perspective on how Greek Philosophy and Christian Revelation came together to form Western Civilization and why the West is on the verge of collapse today. John gets around it by saying Jesus Christ is their "Logos". #Logos #Christianity #LogosRisingIn this video I discuss St. Justin Martyr and the concept of the "Logos Spermatikos." This idea address the belief that trut. And that He was in the world, and the world was made by Him, and the world knew Him not. Heraclitus laid the foundation of the Logos edifice. I remember when (in my mind) Fruit of the Loom quit using a cornucopia in their logo and switched to just using fruit by itself. Justin believes that Socrates (and Plato) had received revelation from the Logos. He too, like many Christian thinkers, saw a continuity and a discontinuity between Jewish and Greek thought. But that in due time He died for the ungodly; and that Thou spared not Thine Only Son, but delivered Him for us all, is not there. And that the soul of man, though it bear witness of the light, is not itself the light; but the Word of God, being God, is the true light that lighteth every man that cometh into the world. Justin's use of the idea of the Logos has always attracted attention. Most (English speaking) Christians I've spoken to don't seem aware or concerned by the fact that this Greek word "logos" has much more significance than the English word "Word". Justin Martyr, also known as Saint Justin (AD 100-ca.165), was an early Christian apologist, and is regarded as the foremost interpreter of the theory of the Logos in the 2nd century.Rokeah (2002) Justin Martyr and the Jews p.22. Again, St. Paul states in Colossians: For in him the whole fullness of deity dwells bodily,and you have come to fullness of life in him.. Most of his works are lost, but two apologies and a dialogue did survive. But he (Socrates) cast out from the state both Homer and the rest of the poets, and taught men to reject thewicked demonsand those who did the things which the poets related; and he exhorted them to become acquainted with the God who was to them unknown, by means of the investigation of reason, saying,That it is neither easy to find the Father and Maker of all, nor, having found Him, is it safe to declare Him to all.But these things our Christ did through His own power. 23, 60.5, 127. Justin points out that both Socrates and the Christians in Justin's time were accused of upsetting the established religious order, when in fact they were both trying to point people away from idols and toward the one true God. Justin sees Christ as the incarnation of Logos: as it is written in scripture, word became flesh. 5.4; 46.1-6; 2 Apol. Pepsi Rebranding Failure. The Nike swoosh logo is shaped as a wing of the Greek goddess of Victory, Nike. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Ph.D., The Fathers of the Church, The First Apology, The Second Apology, Dialogue with Trypho, Exhortation to the Greeks, Discourse to the Greeks, The Monarchy of the Rule of God, The Fathers of the Church Patristic Series, The Catholic University of America Press, Washington, D.C., 2008, Holte, Ragnar, Logos Spermatikos: Christianity and Ancient Philosophy according to St. Justins Apologies, Gleerup, Sweden, 1958, Jones, E. Michael, Logos Rising, A History of Ultimate Reality, Fidelity Press, South Bend, Indiana, 2020, Martyr, Justin, St. Justin Martyr First and Second Apologies, Translated with introductory notes by Leslie William Bernard, pp. Personally I dispute that this is the "Christian" meaning, and I reckon that there are a lot of deep connections to be had between Christianity and Greek Philosophy if we ponder "logos" within it's original cultural context and meaning. Or were they attempting to completely redefine the word? Image via Getty/Hannah Foslien. The first is from Heraclitus: Jesus Christ is the only proper Son who has been begotten by God, being hisLogosand First-begotten, and Power; and, becoming man according to his will.. The Platonic Ideas (i.e. Rangar Holte, "Logos Spermatikos. Is this distinction of biblical "love" terminology compatible with scripture? Design by Perceptions Studio. The Logos in Greek philosophy was the idea of knowledge or discourse. which each of the demons chose for himself. Crescens denounced Justin and his companions to the urban prefect Junius Rusticus, in essence bringing the power of the Roman State down upon Justins head. The Apostle Paul, in opening his message to the Athenians, on Mars Hill, masterfully got around this problem by saying he was just going to tell them how to better to worship one of their own gods "the Unknown God" (Acts 17:23). Although they knew God, yet they glorify Him not as God, nor are thankful, but wax vain in their thoughts; and their foolish heart is darkened; professing that they were wise, they became fools. The Thin Blue Line flag represents all law enforcement officers, and includes civilian, military, and contract officers, as well as other groups like Border Patrol and Customs Enforcement, Native American Federal Police on reservations, and groups like the FBI, transit police, and others. It is no surprise, then, that Justin Martyrs ideas are having a resurgence in the Christian world and are alive and well. 13.3; 21.1; 22.1-2; 23.2; 32.10; 46.2; 53.2; 60.7; 63.4, 10, 15; 2 Apol. E.g., in the sequence of communication fragments: But Logos is much more extensive; in Greek, it means all these things: "Word" is such a mundane word compared to "Logos" which is rich in meaning and comes loaded with 500 years of philosophical baggage. [4] He was born from God as Logos of God (1 Apol. He saw Greek philosophy in more of a positive light and saw the synthesis between the two as a beneficial thing for Christianity. Well, we have finally come to the end of this miniseries on Logos that started in post 32 with Heraclitus and will end with the life of Justin Martyr in this post. If you have read post 25, you remember that the Presocratic philosophers were always looking for an arche or universal element that all other matter was comprised of. "Thus," he added, "the same Logos that was revealed in prophetic figures to the Jews in the ancient Law, was also partially manifested as 'seeds of truth' to the Greeks. He lived among us.". You can read more about the reforms of Socrates in post 4. "All men and women, as rational beings, share in the Logos, they carry in themselves a 'seed' and can catch some glimmers of the truth. things through Socrates, but also among the Barbarians were they It is hiding in plain sight, if you will. Justin partage naturellement la conception biblique d'un Dieu unique, Crateur de toutes choses. Acceptable comments policy for Christianity Stack Exchange. condemned by Reason (or the Word, the Logos) Himself, who took shape, Can a VGA monitor be connected to parallel port? It is probably too much to assume a direct connection with Philo of Alexandria in this particular. St. Justin Martyr, Catholic Faith and Reason website: St. Justin Martyr, Britannica Encyclopedia online, Excerpt of a translation of chapter 10 of the, Excerpt of a translation of chapter 46 of the. The New Testament writers use this same word many times. This is what St. Paul meant when he said in 1 Corinthians 2 that We have the mind of Christ.. The Logos is God active in creation, revelation, and redemption. @JimGaidis I am always wary of analogies/metaphors/images. So, the designer had the wing shape in mind because of the goddess. Are they supposed to be similar but not identical? Careers Workplace and Religion Columnists, Recreation Outdoors and Religion Columnists, Religious Music and Entertainment Columnists, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Justin walks a fine line between universalism and particularism in religion. 9), writes: Thou didst procure for me through a certain person some books of the Platonists translated from Greek into Latin. Being created in the image of God, the imago dei, means, according to Justin Martyr, that we have the seeds of Logos planted in our hearts. . And a few plumbed the depths of the Logos and became the great thinkers and virtuous pagans we know from history. So John used the term to help his readers who knew Greek philosophy: it is a much smaller step of the understanding to go from a Biune God to a Triune God than from a Unitarian God to a Triune God. He did not see a great divide between the Hellenic and Judaic minds; he claimed that they could both be traced back to the revelation of Moses.10 But, they both faith and philosophy had declined and by the time of Christ, Judaism had descended into legalism and Greek philosophy had fractured into various competing sects and superstition. What Heraclitus started, Justin finished. But that He emptied Himself, taking the form of a servant, being made in the likeness of men, and found in fashion as a man, humbled Himself, and became obedient unto death, and that the death of the cross: wherefore God exalted Him from the dead, and gave Him a name above every name, that at the name of Jesus every knee should how, of things in heaven, and things in earth, and things under the earth; and that every tongue should confess that the Lord Jesus Christ is in the glory of God the Father; those books have not. 13.4). Which idea is correct? The key to the understanding of this concept is found in the word "Logos" itself, which is a Greek word equating to "Speech," "Word," "Verbum," and "Voice.". And this is a message for all nations and cultures. Heres why: word is defined as a small fragment of communication. President Joe Biden said Wednesday he was moving ahead with sanctions on the company in charge of building Russia's Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline after blocking such measures last year using a . Eric Osborne sums it up: The word is Gods first-born, God himself, God to him in number, but one with him in essence.[6], Yet Justin also implies a certain subordination because God is unbegotten and everything after him is begotten and corruptive (Dial. We've earned a perfect score from Charity Navigator. "Justin: The mystery, then, of the lamb which God enjoined to be sacrificed as the passover, was a type of Christ; with whose blood, in proportion to their faith in Him, they anoint their houses, i.e., themselves, who believe in Him." Justin Martyr, Dialogue with Trypho 0 likes Like But to introduce an entirely new god was entirely unacceptable. He is considered a saint by the Roman Catholic Church, the Anglican Church, and the . I have a question (that actually led me here):I've noticed in ", "I stand by what I wrote. Le Dieu de Justin La doctrine de Justin sur le Logos doit tre d'abord comprise la lumire de sa thologie proprement dite - c'est--dire de sa doctrine sur Dieu. Because of that, he never abandoned it. John was not the first to say in the beginning, nor the first to use Logos; but he did connect them in a unique way. But that the Word was made flesh and dwelt among us I did not read there. In Johns opening verse, He is the Logos, which was translated into the Latin Vulgate as Verbum, and then into English as Word. 11,18), Dialogue and Proclamation, from the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue, (nos. Logos is the persuasive technique that aims to convince an audience by using logic and reason. The virtuous pagans did not quite have that, because they had the logos spermatikos versus the grace extended via the resurrected Christ. Mostly a translation issue. Philo of Alexandria (20 BC to 40 AD) was the (Jewish) philosopher who sought to construct philosophical bridges between Hellenistic philosophy and Jewish religious thought. . The Memra is the signer of covenantal . Evangelism involves working with the Holy Spirit in order to point out what is evident but in many cases not recognized. I will end with a couple of quotes. Justin, in discussing the logos, borrows a term directly from the Stoics logos spermatikos which simply means seminal word. I did not bring this term up in my post about the Stoics because I wanted to save it for this post. More circumspect is Frey (Torah and Stoa, 199), John could inspire all these ideas, but they are also easily developed from Philo and the Bible, in the context of Greek philosophy, and in dispute with contemporary Jewish views.. use their reason in judging of the actions that were done, were struck in those Platonist books] I read - not in so many words, but in substance, supported by many arguments of various kinds that. Augustine is at pains to show that, though the Greek philosophers speak of Logos and even of the Son of God they never speak of this Son becoming man and dying for sinners. After his conversion, Justin founded a school in Rome where he taught the new religion to his pupils free of charge. Barnard (Justin Martyr: His Life and Thought [Cambridge: CUP, 1967], 100) points out: It was inevitable that his unsystematised language about the derivative nature of the logos should later be capable of an Arian interpretation. In this school of Greek philosophy the Logos is not just "God's word", but rather one of the Persons of the Godhead. Agree together and sacrifice with one accord to the gods., Justin replied, No one who is rightly minded turns from true belief to false., To which Junius said, If you do not obey, ye shall be punished without mercy., And finally, Justin said, If we are punished for the sake of our Lord Jesus Christ, we hope to be saved, for this shall be our salvation and confidence before the terrible judgment-seat of our Lord and Savior which shall judge the whole world.. Two words can be better than one. Justin Martyr saw no incongruity between Greek faith and Greek philosophy. Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world. Justin makes no explicit mention of the Fourth Gospel, but it is far more likely than not that he knows of it and alludes to it,[1] and his Logos theology is best understood in light of its Johannine heritage. 10.6; 36.1), he was pre-existent before creation and already existed as God (Dial. The divine Logos moved the prophets to prophesy (1 Apol. these were demons, they called them gods, and gave to each the name All the New Testament was written in Greek, but there seems to be no single word in Latin or English that compares with Logos. The food coming out of the flute is soul food, actually, a ham hock, cabbage, black-eyed peas, etc. From an early age, he studied the Stoic and Platonic philosophers2 and at the age of 32, he converted to Christianity in Asia Minor, possibly in Ephesus. Logos philosophy can be found in Plato, Stoicism, and later, in Philo. 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