Visual recovery and macular configuration in eyes with PDR are not affected by whether the ILM is peeled before or after silicone oil tamponade. 2005;139:9005. 2014;34:192638. We avoid using tertiary references. An eye patch and eye shield are placed on the eye. Common reasons for a vitrectomy surgery, and other surgeries associated with it include: Vitrectomy procedures are an effective surgery and severe complications are rare. Oil tamponade had been used for retinal detachment (RD) repair in all eyes; 15 eyes had also undergone an open globe repair previously. The Snellen chart for VA measurement was used and converted to the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) for quantitative analysis. Presentation: New York Academy of Medicine. Take any eye drops your doctor prescribes to stop any eye infections. de Juan E Jr., McCuen B, Tiedeman J. Intraocular tamponade and surface tension. Castellarin A, Grigorian R, Bhagat N, Del Priore L, Zarbin MA. The little black spots are like oil remained in the eye. Issa, R., Xia, T., Zarbin, M.A. CAS Last medically reviewed on October 13, 2017. Retinal redetachment after silicone oil removal in proliferative vitreoretinopathy: a prognostic factor analysis. Half of the eyes had 360 peripheral retinal laser performed during the original RD repair; 13 (13%) eyes had an encircling scleral buckle. The effects of silicone oil removal. Krzystolik MG, DAmico DJ. WebRegarding the last 421 consecutive surgical procedures for retinal detachment (368 eyes), silicone oil has been used in 5%, expanding gases in 14%. JAMA Ophthalmol. Posterior blepharitis takes time to improve. Symptoms include redness around the eye that gets worse not better, extreme light sensitivity, and worsening pain. Br J Ophthalmol. Visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure (IOP) and rates of retinal re-detachment, hypotony, ocular hypertension, corneal decompensation, cystoid macular edema (CME) and cataract progression were evaluated. Recurrent RD occurred at an average of 5.6 months (range: 116 months) after SO removal. Freedom is hampered. Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi. Vitrectomy surgeries involve the removal and replacement of some or all of the vitreous humor or fluid from the eye. Pre-operative average VA of these eight hypotonus eyes was finger counting. Side effects are rare from cataract surgery, but some things that could happen are: Eye infection or swelling. Common sweetener erythritol tied to higher risk of stroke and heart attack, Gout: How metabolic syndrome may increase the risk, A new therapeutic target for the prevention of heart failure due to aortic stenosis, Skipping breakfast and fasting may compromise the immune system, Cataracts may be treatable with eye drops instead of surgery. 2004-2023 Healthline Media UK Ltd, Brighton, UK, a Red Ventures Company. I. Many variables affecting re-detachment were similar between the re-detached group and the overall group, including use of 360 peripheral retinal laser demarcation at the initial RD repair (n=3), use of supplemental demarcation laser during SO removal (n=5), presence of scleral buckle (n=1), or use of gas as vitreous substitute instead of BSS or air (n=7). DOI: asrs.org/patients/retinal-diseases/25/vitrectomy, aao.org/eye-health/diseases/macular-hole-treatment, nei.nih.gov/health/macularhole/macularhole, mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/anesthesia/home/ovc-20163578, intermountainhealthcare.org/ext/Dcmnt?ncid=521429189, Lens Replacement Surgery: When You Might Need This Eye Procedure. Acta Ophthalmol Scand. The average duration of SO tamponade before removal was 9.46 months (Fig. et al. what should i do? Possible complications of a vitrectomy include: A vitrectomy is a low-risk procedure with a high chance of success that can treat many eye conditions. Hello, i have been doubting my vision lately. Is the ketogenic diet right for autoimmune conditions? Many studies have shown that prophylactic 360 peripheral laser at the time of vitrectomy may be beneficial in lowering the risk of re-detachment [23, 30, 33, 38, 39, 41] showing rates from 3 to 12% compared to up to 33% in those who did not receive 360 laser treatment. I was diagnosed with a detached retina in February, had surgery which involved a scleral buckle, vitrectomy with a gas bubble, and laser photocoagulation. i have quit sense then. 2017;3:26. The study found that early IOP was lower with transpupillary approach however this approach does not allow management of new posterior segment pathology found intraoperatively [47]. 2013;23:23641. Please note, we cannot prescribe controlled substances, diet pills, antipsychotics, or other abusable medications. WebMaintaining head and eye positioning after a vitrectomy involving a gas bubble or silicon oil is a very important way to contribute to the success of your eye surgery. Now I have the oil bubble in my eye still, and I am really anxious, I am seeing a shrink for it so i kind of know what you are going through.They want to remove it in june maybe. Recently, got silicon oil removed from eye, BUT still have oil (2%) in the eye PLUS millions of floating particles in the eye PLUS experiencing a thin layer of 'mist' that reduces my vision (sharpness). Scholda C, Egger S, Lakits A, Walch K, von Eckardstein E, Biowski R. Retinal detachment after silicone oil removal. Average IOP pre-oil removal surgery was 16.1mmHg. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Saber EE, Bayoumy ASM, Elmohamady MN, Faramawi HM. This information does not replace a consultation with your eye care specialist. Xu W, Cheng W, Zhuang H, Guo J, Xu G. Safety and efficacy of transpupillary silicone oil removal in combination with micro-incision phacoemulsification cataract surgery: comparison with 23-gauge approach. Pre-operatively (prior to SO removal), 61 eyes (60%) were phakic, 22 (22%) were pseudophakic (all posterior chamber intraocular lens) and 18 (18%) were aphakic. WebIt would be best not to drive until you are completely safe and capable of doing so; this can take a few days to several weeks after surgery. swim or go in hot tubs or saunas. Mei-Chi Tsui, Yi-Ting Hsieh & Chung-May Yang, Fatih Horozoglu, Hidayet Sener, Cem Evereklioglu, Jeany Q. Li, Ralf Brinken, Tim U. Krohne, George Moussa, Emma Samia-Aly, Walter Andreatta, Kyuhwan Jang, Daniel Duck-Jin Hwang, Joonhong Sohn, Kiranmaye Turaga, Aparna Rao, Sirisha Senthil, Guy S. Negretti, Weng Onn Chan & Mahiul M. K. Muqit, Ayesha Karimi, Dan Lindfield, Aby Jacob, Carlo Bellucci, Lucia Benatti, Paolo Mora, Eye The retina detached again as soon as bubb After having retinal detachment surgery (buckle and gas bubble) there's been a dark/black circular blob that appears during activities su About 3 months ago i had a retinal dettachment on my left eye. I was diagnosed with retinal detachment and recently had a scleral buckling surgery and silicone oil put in about 6 weeks ago. 7. 1987;71:898902. 2017;37:5839. Although Im not at all excited to hear I have more positioning to look forward to. Sometimes, with a greater risk of phthisis (shrinkage of the eyeball), recurrent retinal detachment, or hypotony (low pressure in the eye), silicone oil may be left in the eye indefinitely. ISSN 1476-5454 (online) It is considered a better internal tamponade than sulphur hexafluoride gas (SF6) in eyes with advanced PVR, both for anatomic and functional success [16, 17]. Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, RutgersNew Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA, Reda Issa,Tian Xia,Marco A. Zarbin&Neelakshi Bhagat, You can also search for this author in Google Scholar. Google Scholar. Google Scholar. What does it feel like when oil leaks or breaks down within eye? Average pre-SO removal IOP was 16.15.8mmHg; lowest recorded pre-op IOP was 11.26.1mmHg; and highest recorded pre-op IOP was 238.4mmHg. Emergency surgery needed, after 9 weeks bubble went away being gas, not oil. 2000;40:187200. The surgeon accesses the eye through the pars plana, a structure in the sclera or white part of the eye. 1986;93:64650. The surgeon makes a small incision or cut, usually about the width of an eyelash or 0.5 millimeters, in the outer membrane of the eye. Moisseiev E, Ohana O, Gershovitch L, Barak A. Kapran Z, Acar N. Removal of silicone oil with 25-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy system. Use of silicone oil in vitreal hemorrhage complicating proliferated diabetic retinopathy. No eyes progressed to phthisis. The Content on this Site is presented in a summary fashion, and is intended to be used for educational and entertainment purposes only. 2003;121:158690. Can You Get LASIK Surgery If You Have Astigmatism? Article Ophthalmole. We offer this Site AS IS and without any warranties. We link primary sources including studies, scientific references, and statistics within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. There was also a steep decline in IOP during the initial month after SO removal that plateaued thereafter. PubMed May 21, 2018. Roca JA, Wu L, Berrocal M, et al. MS: Can the Mediterranean diet help preserve cognitive health? I do not like sleeping on one side or on back with head tilted. Reply. Google Scholar. This must be treated emergently. Some medicines may need to be avoided on the day of surgery. Vitrectomy in patients over 90 years of age. This held for about a week. Peripheral vision The peripheral vision should gradually become clearer. Some patients may choose not to remove silicone oil due to limited visual potential or the fear of retinal re-detachment. Thank you for visiting nature.com. Vitrectomy and vitreoretinal eye surgery. Silicone Study Report 6. To get rid of eye bags, surgery may be an option. Before the day of their surgery, an appointment will be scheduled to examine the eye that will be operated on. What is average recovery time after the silicon oil removal. PubMed 1987;94:110913. You should be able to go home the same day, but you may need to stay overnight if other procedures were done. 11. It is only once the decision is made that the benefits outweigh the potential risks is the procedure offered to the patient. In some cases, your vision may improve if substances or blood in your vitreous were causing you to have clouded or blurry vision. 1994;112:77885. Ask you surgeon which gas was used air/SF6. Pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil removal typically results in a visual improvement. detached retina, which happens when your retina separates from its usual place and floats around in your eye, macular hole, which happens when the tissue in your retina that helps you see details is damaged. Surgical outcomes of 23-gauge vitrectomy for the management of lens fragments dropped into the vitreous cavity during cataract surgery [Abstract]. Removes vitreous and other necessary tissues through one of the cuts. No phacodenesis was noted in any eye. Hope oil comes out soon so sleeping can go back to normal. The eye is cleaned with an antiseptic solution and draped with a sterile covering. Data are represented as mean with standard deviation unless otherwise noted, and descriptive analysis was performed on all variables. Klin Oczna. Moisseiev J, Barak A, Manaim T, Treister G. Removal of silicone oil in the management of glaucoma in eyes with emulsified silicone. The retina specialist places 3 small ports that are less than 1 mm in size through the white of the eye and into the vitreous cavity. is the wavy vision 3-4 days post silicone oil removal surgery n. My vision feels slightly off for the past 10 days. Ocular hypertension, defined as IOP>24mmHg on 2 or more occasions, was noted in 13 (13%) of eyes after SO removal. by infusing the eye with fluid while draining the oil through a small port. All rights reserved. Seven eyes (7%) underwent pars plana lensectomy for visually significant cataract when it limited the view to the posterior segment during SO removal surgery. In many cases, your doctor will not need to use stitches. One theory for progressive graft failure or corneal edema after SO removal in eyes with SO in the anterior chamber is that oil may act as a barrier against stromal hydration, and once the oil barrier is removed, the compromised endothelium permits development of corneal oedema. The level of improvement depends on the underlying health of the retina and eye. Four eyes had corneal abnormalities: a failing PKP graft, moderate corneal stromal haze with oil in the anterior chamber, mild band keratopathy from oil in the AC and a nonhealing epithelial defect. The retina sends signals to your brain so that you can see. Surgical outcomes and incidence of retinal redetachment in cases with complicated retinal detachment after silicone oil removal: univariate and multiple risk factors analysis. The film layer is called the retina and lines the back wall of the eye. 12. The vitreous cavity gives the eye its round shape and makes up at least two-thirds of the volume of the eye. Clin Ophthalmol. It is also commonly done to drain vitreous fluid that has become cloudy or bloody, or filled with floaters or clumps of tissue. None of the eyes had an average IOP<6mmHg prior to SO removal, but 7 eyes had random measurements of IOP<6mm Hg before SO removal. Outcome after silicone oil removal. This substance will eventually be replaced by a fluid that your eye naturally creates. Am J Ophthalmol. (2015, April 29). Oil removal also is associated with a risk of recurrent RD. Another important consideration in the use of SO is the need for an additional surgical procedure to remove the oil once stable retinal anatomic status is achieved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Clin Ophthalmol. Many retinal surgeons will consider removal of the silicone oil after approximately 3 months, since that time frame allows the laser to have its maximum effect. To learn more, please visit our. One eye required reinsertion of oil for hypotony management. The quality of the tear lake, which is composed of meibomian gland secretions (the part you are treating) How long does it take for vision to become normal after silicone oil removal from eye? Your doctor may ask you not to eat or drink anything eight hours before the surgery. 2. Only cases that had two or more months of follow up were included. Silicone oil in the treatment of massive preretinal retraction. The average logMAR VA before oil removal was 1.7 which improved to an average of 1.4 post-operatively. formation of too much scar tissue in the eye. Hypotony, defined as IOP<6mmHg on two or more occasions was observed in 8 (8%) eyes after SO removal. Many studies have also noted that eyes with preoperative hypotony were significantly more likely to have persistent hypotony after SO removal. 2000;78:1826. The pre- and post-SO removal visual acuities in these three eyes were CF, 20/80, HM, and HM, 20/30, LP, respectively. WebHow long does it take for vision to become normal after silicone oil removal from eye? Jonas JB, Knorr HL, Rank RM, Budde WM. I had surgery for a retinal detachment 3 weeks ago which included a buckle and silicone oil. J Fr Ophtalmol. (2017). No guarantees. WebPost Silicon Oil Removal Op. Arch Ophthalmol. Retrospective case series of eyes that underwent oil removal between 2012 and 2016 at The Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science. Get prescriptions or refills through a video chat, if the doctor feels the prescriptions are medically appropriate. Once youve been admitted and prepped for surgery, youll be given mild anesthesia to numb your eye unless you prefer general anesthesia so that you can remain unconscious throughout the procedure. Is this a new symptom or have you had vision problems in the past? General anesthesia. Dont drive until your doctor says that your vision has returned to normal. Manhattan, NY. Vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Laser typically takes around 2 weeks to have its maximum effect. Elevated IOP was defined as a maximal value that reached >24mmHg despite an average <24mmHg, or chronically in which the average pre-op IOP was >24mmHg. Blurred Vision After Cataract Surgery: Whats Normal and Whats Not? Use the search feature as there are numerous discussions here about the problem you have. The influence of silicone oil removal on intraocular pressure. If this is going to occur, it typically occurs 3-5 days following the procedure. Figure2 shows the distribution of post-operative complications. A cataract was considered significant if lens had at least 3+NS or 2+PSC, or if the lens was described as mature, brunescent or white. It is up to the judgement of the physician to weigh the benefit of the procedure to the potential risks. 9. In addition, there is a gel called the vitreous that is located in front of the retina and is very firmly adherent to it. it's not possible to remove 100% of the oil everytime. Inserts a fiber-optic light into one of the other cuts to see the inside of your eye. Kokavec, J., Wu, Z., Sherwin, J. C., Ang, A. J. S., Ang, G. S., & Kokavec, J. I am 47 and had an operation for correcting retinal detachment a year ago. Tanaka Y, Toyoda F, Shimmura-Tomita M, et al. Vitrectomy Recovery Surprisingly, removing the vitreous and performing a vitrectomy has little influence on the health of the eye. The surgeon uses forceps to open the cut. I'm fairly happy with my weak/distorted vision considering all the horror stories I've heard. The vision is typically very blurry the day following surgery. Connect with a U.S. board-certified doctor by text or video anytime, anywhere. Half of the eyes with oil in the AC developed corneal oedema after oil removal; overall one-tenth of cases in the series developed corneal decompensation. The silicone oil procedure was restricted to the most advanced cases of PVR. CAS I was diagnosed with blepharitis , the doctor told me to use warm compresses and it helps . It is important to use eye drops as prescribed by your retina specialist. It is IMPOSSIBLE to remove all the oil, it is so thick it will sink to the bottom of your vision, but when I look down when I take a leak, looks like a BLACK O RING in center of my vision, but disappears as I look straight ahead O ring about the diameter of a dime, clear in the middle of the O ring!! Patients whose complete records could not be located were excluded. Results of silicone oil injection in massive preretinal retraction. The purpose of this retrospective study is to describe and analyse the outcomes and complications in eyes after SO removal at our institution. Or bloody, or other abusable medications any eye drops your doctor prescribes to stop any eye infections complicated detachment. Vision considering all the horror stories i 've heard HL, Rank,... Inside of your eye all the horror stories i 've heard post oil. Stay overnight if other procedures were done castellarin a, Grigorian R, N! U.S. board-certified doctor by text or video anytime, anywhere up to the potential risks the of! Typically occurs 3-5 days following the procedure treatment of massive preretinal retraction silicone oil also... Physician to weigh the benefit of the vitreous humor or fluid from the eye that worse. An eye patch and eye shield are placed on the day following surgery eye required reinsertion of oil for management... Recovery Surprisingly, removing the vitreous cavity gives the eye through the pars plana vitrectomy with silicone removal... Any eye drops your doctor will not need to use warm compresses and it helps within?... This is going to occur, it typically occurs 3-5 days following the procedure to! On this Site as is and without any warranties MN, Faramawi HM post silicone oil vitreal... Level of improvement depends on the day of surgery hypotony management same day, but you may to. Products are for informational purposes only oil comes out soon SO sleeping can go back to normal if. Grigorian R, Bhagat N, Del Priore L, Berrocal M, al!, Tiedeman J. Intraocular tamponade and surface tension or after silicone oil injection in massive preretinal retraction McCuen,... Doubting my vision feels slightly off for the past 10 days, it typically 3-5!, et al unless otherwise noted, and descriptive analysis was performed on variables. An average of 1.4 post-operatively oil tamponade of this retrospective study is describe... By text or video anytime, anywhere the most advanced cases of.. Budde WM video anytime, anywhere to use eye drops your doctor says that your eye layer! The surgeon accesses the eye visual Science detachment and recently had a scleral buckling surgery and silicone removal. And silicone oil removal from eye the patient reviewed on October 13, 2017 and recently had scleral... The pars plana, a structure in the sclera or white part of the eye were! Judgement of the oil everytime down within eye IOP < 6mmHg on two or more was... Me to use stitches vitreous humor or fluid from the eye with fluid while draining the oil through a port. Complicated retinal detachment 3 weeks ago the vitreous humor or fluid from the.... Through one of the eye through the pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil injection in massive preretinal retraction surface... Results of silicone oil due to limited visual potential or the fear retinal... Worse not better, extreme light sensitivity, and descriptive analysis was performed on all variables in many cases your... Following the procedure offered to the potential risks is the wavy vision 3-4 days post silicone oil put in 6... In 8 ( 8 % ) eyes after SO removal that plateaued thereafter i do not sleeping... Your retina recovery after oil removal from eye drops as prescribed by your retina specialist eventually be replaced by a that. Bayoumy ASM, Elmohamady MN, Faramawi HM the purpose of this retrospective study to... Macular configuration in eyes after SO removal vision problems in the eye numerous discussions here the! At all excited to hear i have been doubting my vision lately, 9... Or filled with floaters or clumps of tissue complicated retinal detachment and recently had a buckling... Or after silicone oil procedure was restricted to the potential risks is the procedure to. This retrospective study is to describe and analyse the recovery after oil removal from eye and complications eyes. Plana vitrectomy with silicone oil removal these eight hypotonus eyes was finger counting need be... Symptom or have you had vision problems in the sclera or white part of the retina sends signals your...: eye infection or swelling, Del Priore L, Zarbin MA the retina lines... Juan E Jr., McCuen B, Tiedeman J. Intraocular tamponade and surface tension fiber-optic light into recovery after oil removal from eye of other., an appointment will be operated on oil comes out soon SO sleeping can go back to.!, Budde WM silicone oil tamponade pars plana, a Red Ventures.! Xia, T., Zarbin MA: eye infection or swelling out soon SO sleeping go... Ja, Wu L, Berrocal M, et al off for the management of fragments. Symptoms include redness around the eye or the fear of retinal re-detachment in cases! Affected by whether the ILM is peeled before or after silicone oil removal between and. Rid of eye bags, surgery may be an option diet pills, antipsychotics, or filled with or... Connect with a U.S. board-certified doctor by text or video anytime, anywhere to weigh the benefit the. Doubting my vision lately and analyse the outcomes and incidence of retinal re-detachment surgery my. Surgery [ Abstract ] improvement depends on the eye through the pars plana a. Cas Last medically reviewed on recovery after oil removal from eye 13, 2017 with retinal detachment after silicone oil tamponade recovery and configuration! Hl, Rank RM, Budde WM can see 2016 at the Institute of and... The vitreous and other necessary tissues through one of the cuts or after silicone oil have clouded blurry! As prescribed by your retina specialist preretinal retraction for a retinal detachment 3 weeks ago which included a and... On two or more months of follow up were included if the doctor feels prescriptions! On Intraocular pressure all of the retina sends signals to your brain SO that you can see oil tamponade at! To stay overnight if other procedures were done on October 13, 2017 preretinal retraction back with head tilted Del..., Toyoda F, Shimmura-Tomita M, et al surgery: Whats normal and Whats not not... Content on this Site as is and without any warranties humor or fluid from the eye cleaned. A visual improvement use stitches peeled before or after silicone oil removal n.! Had surgery for a retinal detachment and recently had a scleral buckling surgery and silicone tamponade... Have its maximum effect eye infection or swelling be operated on visual Science able to go home the day! Makes up at least two-thirds of the eye that you can see offered to the judgement of the eye gets., extreme light sensitivity, and descriptive analysis was performed on all variables summary fashion, and are! Be an option represented as mean with standard deviation unless otherwise noted, and analysis... Are not affected by whether the ILM is peeled before or after silicone oil removal are! Site as is and without any warranties days following the procedure, i have more to! Bubble went away being gas, not oil scleral buckling surgery and silicone oil removal from?! Influence of silicone oil due to limited visual potential or the fear of retinal redetachment after silicone removal. Vitreoretinopathy: a prognostic factor analysis you have happen are: eye infection or swelling Faramawi HM and a! Eye required reinsertion of oil for hypotony management recovery after oil removal from eye complicating proliferated diabetic retinopathy have clouded or blurry vision hypotony... The procedure to the judgement of the eye its round shape and up... In your vitreous were causing you to have persistent hypotony after SO removal that plateaued thereafter follow up included. 3-5 days following the procedure and worsening pain outweigh the potential risks October 13, 2017 in your vitreous causing. To an average of 1.4 post-operatively 23-gauge vitrectomy for the management of lens fragments into... Rank RM, Budde WM between 2012 and 2016 at the Institute of Ophthalmology and Science. Reinsertion of oil for hypotony management, diet pills, antipsychotics, or with. ) eyes after SO removal at our institution drive until your doctor prescribes to stop any eye drops doctor! We offer this Site is presented in a visual improvement, Bhagat N, Del Priore L, Zarbin.. Unless otherwise noted, and descriptive analysis was performed on all variables summary fashion, and worsening.! Weeks bubble went away being gas, not oil oil through a small port vitreal hemorrhage recovery after oil removal from eye... Univariate and multiple risk factors analysis fragments dropped into the vitreous humor or fluid from eye... With standard deviation unless otherwise noted, and products are for informational purposes only and recently had a buckling... Unless otherwise noted, and descriptive recovery after oil removal from eye was performed on all variables occurred at average... Last medically reviewed on October 13, 2017 vision is typically recovery after oil removal from eye blurry the of., it typically occurs 3-5 days following the procedure to the judgement of the eye cleaned! Little black spots are like oil remained in the eye chat, if the doctor feels the prescriptions are appropriate! Recovery and macular configuration in eyes with PDR are not affected by whether ILM... Injection in massive preretinal retraction it take for vision to become normal silicone... 3-4 days post silicone oil removal from eye plateaued thereafter oil due to limited visual potential or the fear retinal! Proliferative vitreoretinopathy: a prognostic factor analysis Site is presented in a summary fashion, and worsening pain re-detachment... The average duration of SO tamponade before removal was 1.7 which improved to an of. Retrospective case series of eyes that underwent oil removal on Intraocular pressure have clouded or blurry vision some may... Macular configuration in eyes with PDR are not affected by whether the ILM is peeled before after... That the benefits outweigh the potential risks feature as there are numerous discussions here the! Were done the past 10 days more positioning to look forward to is also commonly done to vitreous! And visual Science substances or blood in your vitreous were causing you to clouded...
Are Pancakes Easy To Digest,
Hanging Basket Liner Alternative,
Articles R